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Bactrian camels are most famous for their two large humps on their back rather than the single-humped Dromedary camels. These humps do not serve as a reservoir for water, contrary to popular belief. Instead, they contain energy-rich fat, which a camel metabolizes for energy when there is little food available.

The name of these camels comes from the ancient historical region of Bactria in Central Asia. They are also commonly known as Mongolian Camels

Bactrian camels, whether domesticated or feral, are a separate species from the Wild Bactrian camel, which is the only truly wild (as opposed to feral) species of camel in the world.

Bactrian camels belong to a fairly small group of animals that regularly eat snow to provide for their water needs.

Bactrian camels will hardly ever sweat, and this enables them to conserve water.

Camels are able to withstand changes in body temperature and water consumption that would kill most other mammals. Their temperature ranges from 34 °C (93 °F) at dawn and steadily increases to 40 °C (104 °F) by sunset before they cool off at night again. In general, to compare camels and other livestock, camels lose only 1.3 liters of fluid intake every day while the other livestock loses 20 to 40 liters per day.